Test students' understanding of watershed hydrology and how land-use changes (urbanization, agriculture, forestry) influence runoff generation, flow routing, and surface/groundwater quality; include interpretation of hydrographs, prediction of changes to peak flow and baseflow, analysis of pollutant sources and transport (sediments, nutrients, contaminants), and evaluation of mitigation practices (BMPs, green infrastructure, riparian buffers); assessment should combine conceptual questions, simple calculations (runoff coefficients, rational method/unit hydrograph basics), and scenario-based analysis at the catchment scale.