Assess graduate students' ability to apply semiotic frameworks (Saussurean, Peircean, Barthesian) to interpret visual metaphors in contemporary installation art by identifying signifier/signified, denotation/connotation, codes, materiality, spatial relations, and cultural context; require concise, evidence-based analyses of provided installations or images and justification of interpretive claims with reference to semiotic concepts and relevant art-historical/theoretical sources.