Assess students' ability to analyze proportional relationships and to set up and solve multi-step ratio and percent problems in real-world contexts (e.g., scale drawings, recipes, mixtures, unit rates, discounts/tax/tip). Tasks require converting between ratios, fractions, decimals, and percents; choosing and justifying strategies; interpreting tables or graphs; and checking reasonableness of answers. Problems are medium difficulty and emphasize reasoning, modeling, and application rather than rote computation.