Assess students' ability to apply Le Châtelier's principle and equilibrium concepts to predict the direction of shift and changes to the equilibrium constant; scope includes qualitative reasoning and brief quantitative Q vs K comparisons for concentration disturbances (adding/removing species), temperature changes in exothermic/endothermic systems (how K changes), pressure/volume effects for gaseous equilibria (impact of changing total moles), and the role of catalysts; items should require concise justification.