Assess students' ability to analyze the socioeconomic drivers and urban effects of U.S. suburbanization from 1945 to 1970. Test understanding of federal housing and transportation policies (GI Bill, FHA/VA loan programs, Interstate Highway construction), private-sector dynamics (mass-production homebuilding, mortgage markets, automobile culture), and discriminatory practices (redlining, restrictive covenants, segregation). Require use of demographic and economic evidence, maps, and primary/secondary sources to explain causal relationships, evaluate policy intentions versus outcomes, and analyze consequences such as central-city disinvestment, fiscal strain, white flight, urban renewal, and shifts in metropolitan governance and land use; connect these outcomes to longer-term patterns of metropolitan inequality.