Assess students' ability to apply postcolonial theory to visual representations of empire in 19th‑century British painting. Tasks: perform close visual analyses of selected works by J.M.W. Turner, John Frederick Lewis, and Edward Lear; situate images within imperial history, travel, and patronage; critique concepts such as orientalism, agency, and visual sovereignty; evaluate strengths and limitations of postcolonial readings and suggest alternative or complementary approaches, citing primary images and relevant scholarship.