Test students' ability to recall the principal provisions and major signatory states of the Peace of Westphalia (1648), including the key treaties (Münster and Osnabrück), core provisions (state sovereignty, territorial settlements, religious arrangements such as recognition of Calvinism, and recognition of Dutch and Swiss independence), and the primary signatories (Holy Roman Emperor, France, Sweden, Spain, and leading German princes); scope limited to factual recall and identification.