Assess graduate-level understanding of the physical, chemical, and biological processes controlling nitrate movement and attenuation in agricultural watersheds—covering surface runoff, tile drainage, vadose zone and groundwater transport (advection, dispersion), nitrification/denitrification, plant uptake, sorption, riparian/wetland attenuation, legacy nitrate dynamics, and the roles of soil properties, land management, and hydrology. Tasks include explaining process interactions, interpreting monitoring data, and evaluating mitigation strategies at field to watershed scales.