Assess students' ability to analyze how neoliberal economic reforms in Latin America from 1980–2010 influenced income distribution and intergenerational social mobility; test knowledge of key policy instruments (privatization, trade liberalization, fiscal austerity), measurement tools (Gini, income shares, mobility matrices), representative country case studies (e.g., Chile, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil), empirical evidence and causal mechanisms, and ability to evaluate policy responses to rising inequality.