Assess the ability to apply hydrological and sediment-transport modeling to evaluate how specified land-use change scenarios affect watershed-scale runoff and sediment yield. Testees should justify model selection (empirical vs process-based), define spatial/temporal scales and data needs, describe model setup and parameterization, outline calibration and validation steps, perform basic sensitivity and uncertainty analyses, interpret outputs (e.g., peak flow, runoff volume, sediment yield, sediment rating), compare scenarios quantitatively, and recommend management or mitigation measures based on model results. Scope: graduate-level, medium complexity, watershed-scale analyses using event-based or continuous models.