Assess students' ability to analyze how deforestation, agriculture, and urbanization change watershed processes and water quality—covering runoff, erosion, sediment and nutrient loading, pollutant sources, habitat impacts, and basic mitigation (riparian buffers, sustainable farming, green infrastructure). Tasks may include interpreting simple diagrams or datasets (e.g., turbidity, nitrate levels, runoff volume), explaining cause–effect relationships, and proposing age-appropriate, practical solutions.