Test students' ability to analyze and compare the constitutional doctrines of judicial review in the United States and parliamentary sovereignty in the United Kingdom, including origins, key cases (e.g., Marbury v. Madison, Factortame, R (Miller)), institutional roles, effects on the separation of powers, checks and balances, protection of rights, and recent developments; require evaluation of strengths, limitations, democratic legitimacy, and reasoned recommendations for managing conflicts between courts and legislatures.