Assess graduate-level understanding of the primary environmental drivers (external/internal nutrient loading, temperature, light, hydrodynamics, land use, climate change), key biogeochemical processes (P and N cycling, N-fixation, sediment nutrient fluxes, stratification, toxin biosynthesis) and resulting ecological impacts (hypoxia, food-web shifts, biodiversity loss, compromised ecosystem services) of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms in freshwater lakes, including implications for monitoring and management strategies.