Assess students' understanding of the core distinctions among plurality, majority, and proportional representation electoral systems: define each system, describe basic vote-counting and seat-allocation mechanics (e.g., single-member plurality, two-round/instant-runoff majority, party-list PR), summarize typical political outcomes (party system size, disproportionality, wasted votes), list key advantages and disadvantages, and give one illustrative country example for each. Level: graduate — basic recall and conceptual understanding.