Test graduate-level understanding of conceptual controls on methane (CH4) emissions from freshwater wetlands, including hydrology and water-table dynamics, redox gradients and electron acceptors, temperature and substrate quality effects, vegetation‑mediated transport, microbial processes (methanogenesis and methanotrophy), and spatial/temporal variability; assess ability to interpret conceptual models, predict emission responses to perturbations (warming, drainage, nutrient loading), and identify key measurement challenges and uncertainties.