Assess students' understanding of processes and energy flow in photosynthesis and cellular respiration by comparing overall balanced equations, cellular locations (chloroplast vs. mitochondrion), major stages (light reactions and Calvin cycle; glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain), key energy carriers (ATP, NADPH, NADH), direction of energy transfer and matter cycling, relative efficiencies, and ecological interdependence; include conceptual comparison and short application questions.