[Assess students' ability to apply comparative policy analysis to urban housing affordability by selecting two post‑industrial cities. Students should identify and categorize the policy instruments used (regulatory, fiscal, market‑based, supply‑side, demand‑side, social housing), evaluate how institutional, economic, and socio‑spatial contexts shaped design and outcomes, compare effectiveness, equity impacts, and political feasibility, and propose evidence‑based, transferable recommendations. Emphasize use of empirical evidence, causal reasoning, and attention to trade‑offs and policy transfer challenges.]