Assess the learner's ability to apply life cycle assessment (LCA) methods to compare environmental impacts of commercial building retrofit options. Expect demonstration of defining goal and scope, selecting an appropriate functional unit and system boundaries, choosing impact categories (e.g., GWP, energy use, embodied carbon), sourcing and modeling data for scenarios (insulation, HVAC, glazing, lighting, renewables), conducting sensitivity/uncertainty analyses, and interpreting results to support retrofit decision-making and trade-offs over the building life cycle.