Assess learners' ability to analyze how climate change interacts with agricultural practices to influence food security in semi‑arid regions, including impacts of temperature and precipitation variability, extreme events, adaptation and mitigation strategies (e.g., drought‑tolerant crops, water management, soil conservation, agroecology), socio‑economic and policy drivers of vulnerability and resilience, trade‑offs and co‑benefits, and methods for evaluating interventions (indicators, scenario modeling, case study analysis). Expect application to real or hypothetical cases and formulation of integrated, evidence‑based recommendations.