Assess understanding of acute and chronic cardiorespiratory responses to varying exercise intensities (rest, low, moderate, high, maximal), including heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, ventilation, VO2, and lactate/ventilatory thresholds; interpretation of graded exercise data; and application to aerobic exercise prescription (intensity quantification: %HRmax, %VO2R, RPE, training zones; continuous vs interval; population considerations).