Assess students' ability to evaluate and synthesize evidence on the relative roles of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions versus natural solar variability in driving global temperature change since 1850. Scope includes quantifying radiative forcings (CO2, CH4, N2O, aerosols), trends in solar irradiance, internal variability and volcanic influences; interpreting instrumental temperature records, forcings datasets, and climate model attribution studies; comparing magnitudes, timing, and uncertainties (measurement error, forcing estimates, climate sensitivity, model structural differences); and constructing an evidence-based conclusion about dominant drivers and confidence levels using detection-and-attribution reasoning.