Assess students' ability to apply visual design principles—balance, contrast, emphasis, and alignment—to evaluate and improve a poster or advertisement. Have students identify specific strengths and weaknesses in an existing design, propose concrete revisions (layout, color, scale, typography, focal point), and justify how each change improves clarity, readability, and audience impact. Require at least one annotated sketch or written mock-up and a short reflection linking design choices to audience and purpose.