Assess students' ability to apply life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate and compare environmental impacts of municipal solid waste management options by defining an appropriate functional unit and system boundaries, constructing life cycle inventories for scenarios (e.g., landfill, incineration with energy recovery, recycling, composting), selecting impact categories and allocation approaches, conducting basic impact and sensitivity/uncertainty analyses, and interpreting trade-offs to make evidence-based recommendations considering data quality and policy-relevant assumptions.