Assess students' understanding of how Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS) parse resumes (file formats, parsing algorithms, common extraction errors), match candidate content to job requirements (keyword, Boolean, semantic/ontology-based matching, weighting), and rank candidates (scoring models, feature importance, thresholds). Include implications for resume design, evaluation metrics (precision/recall, false positives/negatives), and ethical considerations such as bias and fairness; require analysis of trade-offs and brief recommendations for optimization.