Assess students' ability to analyze how training variables—intensity, duration, and frequency—affect cardiovascular and aerobic adaptations in high school athletes, including mechanisms (e.g., changes in stroke volume, VO2max, capillarization, mitochondrial density), trade-offs, injury/overtraining risk, and designing/modifying sample training plans to achieve specific performance goals; scope: grade 9–12, medium complexity, applied analysis rather than rote recall.