Assess students' ability to analyze causal links between structural adjustment programs (SAPs) implemented in Sub-Saharan African countries (1980–2005) and outcomes in political stability and income inequality. Tasks should require interpretation of empirical indicators (Gini coefficients, GDP per capita, regime durability, conflict incidence), comparative analysis of 2–3 country case studies, evaluation of mechanisms (fiscal austerity, privatization, trade liberalization), critique of data and methods (endogeneity, selection bias, measurement limits), and formulation of evidence-based policy conclusions using both quantitative and qualitative sources.