Assess students' ability to analyze and solve multi-step word problems that require choosing and sequencing mixed operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) and applying place-value reasoning; tasks should require explicit regrouping (carrying/borrowing), use of estimation to check reasonableness, and written justification of strategy and answers. Designed for grades 3–5 at an advanced difficulty: include problems that demand operation selection, stepwise computation, explanation of regrouping decisions, detection and correction of errors, and comparison of alternative solution strategies.