Test students' ability to analyze how land-use changes (e.g., urbanization, agriculture, deforestation) affect watershed hydrology (runoff, infiltration, evapotranspiration, streamflow regime) and nutrient transport (nitrogen, phosphorus sources and loads), including interpretation of hydrographs and monitoring data, use of simple watershed models/export coefficients, comparative pre/post scenario assessment, and evaluation of mitigation strategies (BMPs, green infrastructure). Scope: undergraduate—medium difficulty—focus on analysis, data interpretation, and management recommendations.