Assess students' ability to analyze the relative contributions and dominant roles of the three energy systems (ATP–PC, anaerobic lactic/glycolytic, aerobic) across varied sport activities (e.g., 100 m sprint, 400 m, middle-distance, team sports), explain underlying mechanisms (rate vs. capacity, substrates, by-products, fatigue), and evaluate how specific training adaptations (e.g., increased PCr stores, glycolytic enzyme changes, mitochondrial biogenesis, capillarization, improved VO2max and lactate threshold) alter system contributions, performance, and recovery strategies.