Assess students' ability to analyze characters' motivations in Grade 3–5 fiction by identifying explicit and inferred motives, selecting and citing supporting textual evidence (dialogue, actions, thoughts), explaining how a motivation influences a specific event or character change, and comparing motivations across two characters; use short, grade-appropriate passages and a mix of item types (multiple-choice and short constructed responses) that require students to quote or paraphrase evidence and justify their reasoning.