Assess students' ability to simulate bubble sort and selection sort using physical cards: for three short sequences (random, nearly-sorted, reverse), have learners perform each algorithm step-by-step, record comparisons and swaps per pass, total the counts, and write a concise analysis comparing efficiency, stability, and observed patterns (e.g., behavior on nearly-sorted vs reversed lists); rubric evaluates accurate stepwise counts, clear records, correct terminology, and logical justification.