Assess students' ability to analyze how land-use change (urbanization, agricultural expansion, deforestation) affects watershed hydrology (runoff, infiltration, baseflow, evapotranspiration) and water quality (sediment, nutrient and contaminant loads). Expect quantitative interpretation of hydrographs and load data, evaluation of model scenarios and monitoring results, identification of causal mechanisms, and development of evidence-based mitigation or management recommendations (BMPs, green infrastructure, policy).