Evaluate ethical, legal, and cultural arguments for and against repatriation of cultural artifacts held in Western museums to their countries of origin. Analyze moral frameworks (e.g., cultural patrimony vs. universal access), relevant international and domestic legal instruments (UNESCO conventions, ownership and provenance law, bilateral agreements), and cultural/community rights (identity, memory, and access). Use stakeholder analysis (source communities, museums, states, scholars), concrete case studies (e.g., Benin Bronzes, Parthenon/Elgin Marbles, Indigenous collections), and practical considerations (conservation capacity, evidence standards, diplomatic remedies). Demonstrate ability to weigh evidence, articulate trade-offs, and produce a justified conclusion or policy recommendation.