Assess students' understanding of virtual memory mechanisms: page table organizations (single-, multi-level, inverted), the address-translation pipeline, and the role and performance impact of translation lookaside buffers (TLBs). Test comparative knowledge of page replacement algorithms (LRU, FIFO, Clock), including implementation strategies, complexity, memory overhead, and workload sensitivity; include short reasoning tasks and a simple effective memory access time calculation or a scenario asking which replacement policy best fits given workload characteristics.