Assess students' ability to analyze modified Lotka–Volterra predator–prey systems that include logistic prey growth (carrying capacity) and harvesting. Tasks include deriving and classifying equilibria, linearizing the system and computing Jacobian eigenvalues to determine local stability, identifying how carrying capacity and constant or proportional harvesting alter stability and produce bifurcations, calculating critical (sustainable) harvesting rates for persistence versus collapse, interpreting phase-plane behavior biologically, and supporting conclusions with basic numerical simulation or parameter-sensitivity reasoning.