Assess students' ability to apply the proportionality test to evaluate government restrictions on constitutional rights across jurisdictions. Require analysis of suitability, necessity, and proportionality in the strict sense (balancing), consideration of evidential burden and margin of appreciation, and comparison of outcomes in at least two constitutional systems (e.g., Germany, Canada, South Africa, ECtHR). Use a short fact pattern or case excerpt and ask for a justified conclusion on lawfulness and remedy.