Assess students' understanding of the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis. Test knowledge of inputs and outputs (light, H2O, O2, ATP, NADPH, CO2, G3P), subcellular locations (thylakoid membrane vs stroma), energy transfer mechanisms (photophosphorylation, NADP+ reduction), the three Calvin cycle phases (carbon fixation, reduction, regeneration), and key regulatory controls (light availability, ATP/NADPH balance, RuBisCO activity, stomatal regulation). Suitable for Grade 9–12; medium difficulty; emphasis on conceptual comparison and cause-effect regulation.