Assess students' ability to identify and analyze dramatic irony and foreshadowing in Shakespearean tragedies (e.g., Hamlet, Macbeth, Othello, King Lear, Romeo and Juliet). Require identification of specific passages, brief textual citation, and explanation of how each device shapes audience knowledge, builds tension, informs characterization, and reinforces themes; include comparison of techniques across plays and consideration of staging or language choices. Appropriate for grades 9–12; medium difficulty; focuses on close reading, evidence-based explanation, and interpretive reasoning.