Assess students' ability to apply comparative electoral-system theory and empirical evidence to explain voter turnout differences between the United Kingdom and Germany. The quiz will test identification of institutional contrasts (FPTP vs MMP/mixed-member proportionality), causal mechanisms (mechanical vs psychological effects, district magnitude, proportionality, party competition and coalition dynamics), and contextual factors (registration rules, mobilization, socio-demographic patterns). Students must analyze recent turnout trends, use specific electoral examples, evaluate alternative explanations, and propose evidence-based conclusions or policy implications.