Test learners' ability to apply life cycle assessment (LCA) methods to compare environmental impacts of alternative packaging materials in product design. Tasks should require defining a functional unit and system boundaries, selecting relevant inventory data and impact categories (e.g., GWP, eutrophication), performing simplified calculations or interpreting LCA outputs, conducting basic sensitivity or scenario analyses across material options (e.g., glass, aluminum, PET, paperboard), and making evidence‑based design recommendations that consider trade‑offs and uncertainty.