Assess students’ ability to analyze and compare montage strategies (metric, rhythmic, tonal, overtonal, intellectual/associational) and how those editing practices produce and communicate ideological meanings in early Soviet cinema; scope includes theoretical texts and close readings of canonical films by Eisenstein, Vertov, and Pudovkin (e.g., Battleship Potemkin, Man with a Movie Camera, Mother), consideration of historical/political context and production conditions, and critical engagement with primary and secondary scholarship.