Assess knowledge of judicial review under the Administrative Procedure Act, focusing on the arbitrary and capricious standard (hard‑look review, reasoned decisionmaking, record review), identification and consequences of procedural defects (notice‑and‑comment errors, bias, exhaustion, procedural safeguards), and ultra vires doctrine (agency action beyond statutory authority); quiz will test doctrinal tests, key cases, remedies, and application to short fact patterns.