Assess students' ability to design a dynamic pricing and revenue-management algorithm for a multinational airline that optimizes perishable seat inventory under stochastic demand, competitive fares, and regulatory constraints. Require: problem formulation (state, decision, objective, constraints), incorporation of competition and market heterogeneity, selection and justification of solution approach (e.g., stochastic/dynamic programming, approximate methods, RL), pseudocode, complexity and convergence analysis, simulation-based evaluation plan with performance metrics and sensitivity/robustness tests, and practical implementation considerations (data needs, regulatory compliance, currency/market differences).