Assess students' ability to analyze cause-and-effect relationships in short picture-book stories (PreK–Grade 2). Tasks: identify 1–3 cause→effect pairs using text and illustrations, sequence related events, infer unstated causes or consequences from pictures, and explain each relationship with brief evidence or a sentence frame. Use single-episode stories or short excerpts; suitable for oral responses, brief written answers, or teacher-led assessments. Scoring focuses on accuracy, use of visual/textual evidence, and clarity of explanation.