Assess learners' ability to analyze rhetorical strategies and detect bias in opinion editorials by identifying persuasive appeals (ethos, pathos, logos), rhetorical devices (tone, diction, framing, anecdote), evaluating evidence and credibility, recognizing logical fallacies and slanted language, distinguishing fact from opinion, and composing concise, evidence-based judgments; quiz items will use short newspaper or online op-eds and require targeted short-answer analysis and brief comparisons.