Test students' ability to identify and compare key structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Scope includes cell size; presence or absence of a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; cell wall differences; ribosomes; principal organelle functions (mitochondria, chloroplasts, ER, Golgi); basic modes of reproduction (binary fission vs mitosis/meiosis); and representative examples (bacteria, archaea, plant and animal cells). Level: introductory recall and simple comparison.