Assess students' ability to analyze the causes of an urban heat island in a mid‑sized city, interpret provided temperature, land‑cover, and energy-use datasets to quantify measurable impacts (air/surface temperature differentials, health and energy demand implications), and evaluate mitigation options (green infrastructure, reflective surfaces, cool pavements, policy actions) by weighing costs, effectiveness, maintenance, and equity trade‑offs to recommend a prioritized, feasible strategy.