Assess learners' understanding of molecular mechanisms that confer antibiotic resistance (spontaneous mutation, plasmids, transposons, integrons, and horizontal gene transfer via conjugation, transformation, and transduction) and of clinical transmission pathways in healthcare settings (patient-to-patient contact, healthcare workers, contaminated surfaces/devices, biofilms, environmental reservoirs, and antibiotic selection pressure); include interpretation of brief clinical scenarios to identify likely mechanisms/routes and to propose targeted infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship interventions.