Assess students' ability to analyze how urban development, agriculture, and deforestation change a local watershed's hydrology and water quality; tasks include identifying key processes (impervious surfaces, reduced infiltration, increased runoff, erosion, sediment and nutrient loading), interpreting simple maps/graphs of land cover, rainfall, discharge and pollutant concentrations, estimating relative changes in flood risk and water quality from given data, and proposing evidence-based mitigation strategies (riparian buffers, green infrastructure, best management practices) with clear explanations and basic quantitative reasoning suitable for grades 6–8.