Evaluate students' ability to apply comparative public policy frameworks to assess healthcare reform outcomes in Canada and the United States, including selecting appropriate frameworks (institutional, actor-centered, policy cycle), defining outcome indicators (access, equity, cost, quality, efficiency), choosing comparative methods (most similar/different systems, process tracing, causal inference), interpreting empirical data across federal/provincial and federal/state contexts, and producing evidence-based conclusions and policy recommendations that account for political and institutional constraints.